RBA Preview: Signaling Earlier Cut

February 17, 2025 2:53 AM UTC

The RBA meeting on February 18th will keep rates on hold at 4.35% and signal a cut in April

BJP Ends 27-Year Drought in Delhi with Decisive Win

February 14, 2025 7:06 AM UTC

The BJP ended its 27-year drought in Delhi, winning 47 seats and breaking AAP’s dominance. The victory was driven by a united party front, strong RSS ground support, success in key voter blocs, including Sikh, Punjabi, and Dalit communities and the promise of freebies. AAP’s vote share fell to 4

Europe’s Ukraine Political Fallout and Market Hopes

February 13, 2025 12:33 PM UTC

European politicians are surprised and angry at the U.S. stance on a peace deal for Ukraine and less military support for Europe, but eventually they will have to accept the new reality.  Europe is too divided to provide security guarantees to Ukraine on its own. A further increase and acceleration

UK CPI Preview (Feb 19): Inflation Drop to Target Deferred

February 12, 2025 10:27 AM UTC

After the surprisingly soft December data, we think January’s CPI numbers will show some bounce back up, albeit the 0.2 ppt rise we envisage to 2.7% being notch below BoE thinking.  This will largely reflect more ‘noise’ in volatile services and higher energy inflation both due to fuel price

Europe’s Gas Problem Again?

February 11, 2025 8:30 AM UTC

The ECB staff forecasts on March 6 will be revised upwards for 2025 and 2026, due to the surge in wholesale gas prices.  However, the ECB will likely take the view that 2 round effects from higher gas prices on balance are unlikely to boost core inflation (especially given wage tracker softness) an

CBRT Increased Its End-Year Inflation Forecast from 21% to 24%

February 10, 2025 3:08 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Central Bank of Turkiye (CBRT) released its first quarterly inflation report of the year on February 7, and revised its inflation forecast for 2025. CBRT now projects that inflation will stand at 24% at the end of 2025, 12% next year and 8% in 2027. CBRT governor Karahan said the revisi

Banxico Review: 50 bps Cut as Expected

February 8, 2025 9:39 PM UTC

Banxico cut the policy rate by 50bps to 10.5%, with a cautious stance and a split vote. Inflation has fallen but remains above target, expected to converge to 3.0% by Q3 2026. Global risks, including Trump’s tariff threats, add uncertainty. Despite economic weakness, some monetary tightening may s

Eurozone: The Neutral Rate – Probably Little Changed Recently Unlike Central Banks

February 7, 2025 1:14 PM UTC

A well-advertised research paper from the ECB suggests that the real neutral rate of interest for the EZ has not changed very much in the last few years but with a likely range of between -0.5% and +0.5%, but still well below estimates for what is so-called r* prior to the pandemic (Figure 1).  The

Argentina: Lower Rates, Conditions to Lift the Controls

February 6, 2025 6:16 PM UTC

The Argentine Central Bank cut rates to 29%, citing improved inflation expectations. Rather than using a contractionary policy, it aims to curb monetary base growth through fiscal consolidation. Inflation is below 3%, with a 2% target feasible by mid-year. However, the 1% crawling peg risks eroding

BoE Review: Uncertain MPC Signals It Needs to be Careful

February 6, 2025 1:57 PM UTC

The latest set of BoE forecasts are notable for one major thing – an assumption that underlying growth has fallen, possible to under 1%.  This does not explain all of the higher inflation profile (Figure 1) which now only delivers a below target outcome into 2028 – the higher rates projected th

Eurozone: Trump Taking Aim at the EU?

February 5, 2025 9:06 AM UTC

President Trump has made it clear that the EU is going to face US tariffs in the not too distant future.  Admittedly, tariff threats have been used as the basis for negotiation elsewhere, this may be the case for the EU too – as was the case during Trump’s first term.  As for the EU, it does h

UK GDP Preview (Feb 13): Weakness Continues, if not Deepens?

February 4, 2025 4:26 PM UTC

Recent data add to already-growing questions about the UK’s economy’s apparent solidity, if not strength, as seen in sizeable q/q gains in the first two quarters of the year.  And those questions may be accentuated by the looming December GDP data where we see a flat m/m reading but, combined w

The Aussie Chapter 5.2: Another tale of two cities

February 3, 2025 5:25 AM UTC

In Chapter 5.2, we will continue to look into the dynamic between the Aussie and Kiwi after central bank policy part ways and what to expect when RBA tilts towards easing.

India Budget Preview: Balancing Growth and Fiscal Prudence: What to Expect from Budget 2025

January 31, 2025 2:28 PM UTC

The FY26 Budget comes at a crucial time for India’s economy, requiring a delicate balance between fiscal prudence and economic stimulus. As GDP growth moderates, inflation continues to impact disposable incomes, and global uncertainties persist, the government is expected to focus on targeted meas

BCB Review: Maintaining the Course

January 30, 2025 6:09 PM UTC

The Brazilian Central Bank (BCB) raised the policy rate by 100bps to 13.25%, signaling another hike in March while monitoring economic data. The statement had a neutral-to-dovish tone, with inflation risks stemming from services CPI, unanchored expectations, and fiscal policy. Market projections see

Sweden Riksbank Review: Shifts to Easing Bias?

January 29, 2025 9:33 AM UTC

Having delivered the widely-expected sixth successive rate cut this month, the Riksbank adhered to the assessment made in December that the easing cycle has drawn to an end with the policy rate (now at 2.25%) having dropped 1.75% in eight months.  But the Board remains open to further easing; while

BoE Preview (Feb 6): Clearer Dovish Message to Markets?

January 28, 2025 1:46 PM UTC

Back in early December, BoE Governor Bailey suggested very openly in an FT interview that highlighted that the market path in the November forecast was conditioned on four rate cuts this year, this largely a result of inflation having come down “faster than we thought it would.”  And while the

Monetary Policy Watch: Will RBI Infuse Liquidity or Cut Rates?

January 27, 2025 7:27 AM UTC

With the RBI’s policy review around the corner, all eyes are on how the central bank will tackle India’s growing liquidity crunch. Despite calls for rate cuts, the banking system's liquidity shortfall—hitting INR 3.3 trillion—poses a bigger challenge, keeping lending rates high and slowing c

BoJ Review: Hawkish?

January 24, 2025 5:33 AM UTC

The BoJ hiked by 25bps to 0.5% in the January meeting

Norges Bank Review: Nothing New as Head Stays in the Sand

January 23, 2025 9:48 AM UTC

In its first meeting of the year, the Norges Bank kept rates on hold in what was both an expected and unanimous Board decision.  But calling this a decision is possibly a misnomer as nothing was actually decided over and beyond waiting for new information and updated forecasts by the time of the ne

Argentina: Adjusting the Anchor

January 22, 2025 2:40 PM UTC

Argentina is refining its monetary framework as inflation stabilizes below 3.0% (m/m), marking progress after double-digit levels. Key measures include halting Peso issuance, fiscal adjustments, sterilization to stabilize the monetary base, and diminishing the pace of depreciation of the official ex

Rupee at Record Low: Can India Weather the Dollar Storm?

January 21, 2025 5:03 AM UTC

The Indian rupee has slumped to an all-time low of 86 against the US dollar, underscoring the pressure on emerging market currencies as the dollar index surges to multi-month highs. For India, this currency depreciation signals potential disruptions in financial markets, with equities and bonds—no

BoJ Preview: 50% Hike, 100% Disappointment

January 20, 2025 2:00 AM UTC

Market is currently pricing more than 50% the BoJ will hike in the January 23-24 meeting but it is unlikely to be the hawkish BoJ market participants want.

Norges Bank Preview (Jan 23): A Message to Markets?

January 17, 2025 1:15 PM UTC

In its first meeting of the year, the Norges Bank is expected to keep rates on hold next Thursday.  But it does have the choice of cutting rates, having flagged a move more likely at the meeting due in March, and could do this both to reflect weaker price pressures (especially excluding what are pr

ECB December Council Meeting Account Review: The ‘Last Mile’ Appears to Have Shortened Somewhat?

January 16, 2025 1:27 PM UTC

As the account of the December 11-12 Council meeting noted, a fourth 25 bp discount rate cut was agreed but there appeared to be a minority wanting a 50 bp move. But this account also shows some confusion as to just what the advertised change in forward guidance (in which the ECB accepts that on-tar

Mexico’s Plan: An Eye on Nearshoring and Displacing China in U.S.

January 15, 2025 1:17 PM UTC

President Claudia Sheinbaum’s “Mexico Plan” targets USD 270 billion in investments, aiming to reduce poverty, boost sustainability, and expand Mexico’s economy. Key goals include nearshoring, increasing domestic production, and fostering U.S. trade relations. However, private investment stag

Preview: Due January 15 - U.S. December CPI - Stronger overall, core rate maintaining trend

January 14, 2025 2:16 PM UTC

We expect December’s CPI to increase by a nine-month high of 0.4% overall with a fifth straight 0.3% increase ex food and energy. We expect the ex-food and energy index to increase by 0.26% before rounding, which would make it the softest of the five straight 0.3% gains in the core rate. PPI is no

Brazil CPI Review: Some Deterioration in December

January 13, 2025 2:28 PM UTC

Brazil’s CPI grew by 0.52% in December, ending 2024 at 4.8%, above the Central Bank’s target range (1.5%–4.5%). Key drivers included food (+1.2% m/m) and household spending (+0.7%). Core inflation rose for the fourth consecutive month, reaching 4.3% Y/Y. Elevated inflation is expected in early

U.S. Treasuries versus Bunds and Gilts

January 10, 2025 8:10 AM UTC

·        UK Gilts have been dragged higher by rising Treasuries and market concerns that BOE rate cuts will be limited (here), while 10yr Bund yields have also been dragged higher by Treasuries concerns on Fed rate cuts/budget deficit and tariffs.  Multi quarter we see this as overdone. We

The Growth-Inflation Tug of War: RBI’s 2025 Policy Outlook with a New Governor

January 9, 2025 8:14 AM UTC

The Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is currently navigating a complex economic landscape marked by rising inflation and sluggish growth. The recent appointment of Sanjay Malhotra as the new RBI Governor adds another layer of intrigue to the central bank's policy directi

FOMC Minutes from December 18 - Moving towards a more careful approach

January 8, 2025 7:58 PM UTC

Minutes from the December 17-18 meeting show the FOMC moving to a more cautious stance, which appears largely a response to recent disappointment on inflation data but uncertainty over policy following the election also seems to be playing a part.

2025 will be Key for CBRT

January 8, 2025 3:06 PM UTC

Bottom Line: After Central Bank of Turkiye (CBRT) lowered its key policy rate by 250 bps to 47.5% on December 26, which was the first rate cut in around two years, we believe the rate cuts will continue in 2025 following inflation fighting drive in 2024 while our end year key rate prediction remains

Preview: Due January 16 - U.S. December Retail Sales - Solid end to Q4

January 7, 2025 7:10 PM UTC

We expect US retail sales to finish Q4 on a solid note with a 0.7% rise overall, matching November’s gain, with a 0.6% rise ex autos and a 0.5% increase ex autos and gasoline, the two core rates picking up after both saw modest 0.2% increases in both October and November. 

BoJ: New Year, Old Trick?

January 7, 2025 12:00 AM UTC

USD/JPY is once again close to historical high. But are we seeing an imminent intervention?

Mexico CPI Preview: Christmas Acceleration

January 6, 2025 2:19 PM UTC

Mexico's December CPI is forecasted to grow by 0.5% in December, bringing 2024 inflation to 4.3%, above Banxico's target. Core CPI aligns better at 3.5%. Weak demand aids inflation convergence, expected by Q3 2026. Risks include a 22% MXN depreciation and U.S. tariffs. Banxico is likely to continue

Waiting for China Fiscal Stimulus

January 3, 2025 9:31 AM UTC

It is not clear why China’s authorities are slow in announcing fiscal policy measures, but it could be either acceptance of 5% GDP trajectory or just below or alternatively a desire to see the timing and scale of extra U.S. trade tariffs on China from the incoming Trump adminstration.  We see a t

EZ HICP Preview (Jan 7): Headline Higher Again, But Core Still Clearly Friendly?

December 31, 2024 10:48 AM UTC

There were mixed messages in the November HICP numbers.  After a downward revision, and thus below consensus thinking, the headline rose 0.2 ppt to 2.2%, but where the core stayed at 2.7%, partly due to what is seemingly stable services inflation.  Higher energy costs, mainly base effects, were th

Surprising Move: CBR Held Key Rate at 21% Despite Surging Inflation

December 20, 2024 1:39 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Despite expectations, Central Bank of Russia (CBR) announced on December 20 that it held the key rate constant at 21%. The CBR emphasized in its statement that monetary conditions tightened more significantly than envisaged by the October key rate decision, and it would continue to eval

BoE Review: A Dovish Hold?

December 19, 2024 12:54 PM UTC

An expected unchanged decision left Bank Rate at 4.75% but what was not foreseen was three dissents in favor of a cut with a further member advocating a more activist strategy (presumably ahead).  Overall, the BoE adhered to a gradual approach to removing monetary policy restraint remains appropria

FOMC eases by 25bps, dots and economic forecasts more hawkish

December 18, 2024 7:21 PM UTC

The FOMC has eased by 25bps as expected but the dots look hawkish with only 50bps of easing seen in 2025 rather than 100bps, and there was one dissenting vote, Cleveland Fed President Hammack preferring to keep rates unchanged. Core PCE price forecasts have also been revised significantly higher, 20

UK CPI Review (Dec 18-19): Still Mixed Inflation Signals

December 18, 2024 7:51 AM UTC

While exceeding both our and BoE thinking, November CPI inflation jumped 0.3 ppt to 2.6%, actually an eight month high.  Services inflation remain ned at 5.0% while the core rose 0.2 ppt to 3.5%, also exceeding Bank projections (Figure 1).  The data comes after more cost pressure worries were fann

Eurozone Outlook: Trump, Tariffs and the Possible Trade Tremor

December 17, 2024 8:16 AM UTC

 ·       Once again, it does seem as if EZ activity expectations are being pared back in line with our below consensus thinking, most notably for next year. The result is that while the economy has been growing afresh it is doing so timidly, with downside risks persisting more clearly into 2

Preview: Due December 17 - U.S. November Retail Sales - Trend still solid

December 16, 2024 1:53 PM UTC

We expect US retail sales to maintain momentum in November, with a 0.6% increase overall with 0.5% gains both ex auto and ex auto and gasoline. 

UK GDP Review: Friday the 13th Weakness Confirmed?

December 13, 2024 7:41 AM UTC

The latest GDP data add to questions about the UK’s economy’s apparent solidity, if not strength, as seen in sizeable q/q gains in the first two quarters of the year of 0.7% and 0.5% respectively.  As we envisaged, October saw a second successive m/m drop of 0.1%, well below expectations, this

BCB Review: Shock 100bps Hike

December 12, 2024 10:12 AM UTC

The Brazilian Central Bank raised the policy rate by 100bps to 12.25%, with plans for two more 100bps hikes, reaching 14.25% by early 2025—the highest in 18 years. The decision reflects fiscal concerns, inflation risks, and a 10% depreciation of the Real. The BCB aims to curb inflation and protect

UK CPI & BoE Preview (Dec 18-19): Benign Inflation Signals But BoE Still Cautious

December 11, 2024 12:27 PM UTC

While they may not affect the overall BoE verdict on Dec 19, which looks very likely to be a pause after last month’s 25 bp cut (to 4.75%), forthcoming data may very well influence the MPC vote and the message in the updated Monetary Policy Summary.  In particular, CPI data (Dec 18) may have some

RBA Review: Closer, but not yet

December 10, 2024 5:16 AM UTC

The RBA meeting on December 10th kept rates on hold at 4.35%

Sweden Riksbank Preview (Dec 19): Flagging a Little Further Easing?

December 9, 2024 1:12 PM UTC

A fifth successive rate cut is seen at this looming December Riksbank meeting, but rather back to a 25 bp move rather than the 50 bp cut last time around (to 2.75% vs the 4.0% peak seen up until last May). This would fulfil the policy guidance advertised at the September Board meeting. But it will b

U.S. November Employment - Solid report but not a game changer

December 6, 2024 2:01 PM UTC

November’s non-farm payroll is near consensus with a rise of 227k with moderate upward revisions to both September and October totaling 56k. Average hourly earnings rose by a slightly stronger than expected 0.4% and the workweek rose (though only because October was revised down) but the unemploym