Optimistic CBR Publishes Summary of Key Rate Decision on May 12

May 12, 2025 5:24 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Central Bank of Russia (CBR) published the summary of the key rate decision on May 12, showing CBR’s views on economic developments. CBR highlighted in its report that “The current inflationary pressures eased in Q1, whereas food and services prices were still rising at a fast pa

Trump Tariffs: China and UK Precedents

May 12, 2025 8:02 AM UTC

 The U.S./China have announced major reductions in reciprocal tariffs to 10% with other measures postponed for 90 days.  Though the U.S. is still imposing an extra 20% due to fentanyl, China will likely make some moves that could also help to reduce this.  This is in line with our previous thinki

Ceasefire or Reset? India Redraws the Rules

May 12, 2025 6:05 AM UTC

India and Pakistan have entered a fragile ceasefire after a week of precision strikes, drone warfare, and missile exchanges. But New Delhi’s clear message—that future terror attacks will be treated as acts of war—marks a strategic shift. Deterrence in South Asia has a new author, and India is

A Windfall with Caveats: RBI’s Likely Record Dividend

May 9, 2025 2:00 PM UTC

India is set to receive a record INR 3–3.5tn dividend from the RBI, offering a fiscal cushion amid softening tax revenues and rising geopolitical tensions with Pakistan. While this windfall may help the government stick to its 4.4% fiscal deficit target for FY26, it also highlights India’s growi

India CPI Preview: Cooling Prices, Warming Room for Rate Cuts

May 9, 2025 9:48 AM UTC

India’s retail inflation likely fell to 3.2% in April, its lowest since 2019, driven by a sharp decline in food prices. The benign inflation print strengthens the case for another RBI rate cut as growth momentum softens. 

Deterrence on a Deadline: India, Pakistan, and the New Escalation Paradigm

May 9, 2025 6:29 AM UTC

India and Pakistan are now embroiled in their most serious military confrontation in years, with hostilities expanding across air, land, and unmanned domains. Following the May 7 cross-border strikes under Operation Sindoor, India launched a calibrated military offensive on Thursday targeting Pakist

Brazil: Reaching the Rate Peak

May 8, 2025 6:43 AM UTC

Forward guidance from the BCB after the 50bps hike to 14.75% suggests that we are close to a rate peak, with inflation concerns now cited on both sides.  The disinflationary impact of Trump tariffs on global trade and commodity prices is now being watched, as BCB members have signaled over the last

China Moderate Triple Monetary Easing

May 7, 2025 6:31 AM UTC

•    China has announced a 10bps cut in the 7 day reverse repo rate to 1.4%; large than expected 50bps cut in the RRR rate and credit easing via Yuan1.1trn balance sheet quota expansion to counter the slowdown in growth.  Combined with the extra equity capital for state banks this will help c

South Africa’s Automotive and Agricultural Sectors Will Be Tested Amid Trump’s Additional Tariffs

May 6, 2025 3:14 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Taking into account that the 31% U.S. additional tariffs on South African goods could still come into effect despite a 90-day reprieve from the U.S. president Trump, the threat is still alive as South African economy will be negatively impacted by tariffs partly nullifying the African G

Tariff Man

May 6, 2025 8:45 AM UTC

  With the U.S. equity market having rebounded, President Donald Trump instinct on tariffs have seen threats of pharma tariffs and a 100% tariff on non U.S. films. Slow progress is also reported on bilateral deals, despite White House PR spin.  However, Trump will see pressure rising from three so

Transit Revoked, Ties Recalibrated: What Bangladesh's Pivot Signals

May 6, 2025 5:32 AM UTC

India’s revocation of transhipment access to Bangladesh marks a broader shift in bilateral ties, driven by Dhaka’s strategic pivot towards China and Pakistan. The move reflects India’s growing unease over regional security and the erosion of mutual trust post-regime change in Dhaka. For India,

Standoff Renewed: India and Pakistan Edge Closer to the Brink

May 6, 2025 3:33 AM UTC

India–Pakistan tensions have sharply escalated following a deadly terror attack in Kashmir, prompting sweeping diplomatic, military, and economic measures on both sides. New Delhi has ordered mock civilian defence drills and restricted the flow of river Chenab. Additionally, ceasefire violations a

Annual Inflation Slightly Decreased in April Despite MoM Hit 3.0% Due to High FX Pass Through

May 5, 2025 10:15 AM UTC

Bottom line: Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) announced on May 5 that the inflation softened to 37.9% y/y in April from 38.1% y/y in March. We think monetary tightening and suppressed wages helped relieve the price pressure despite hikes in electricity and natural gas prices in April, and curre

Turkiye Inflation Preview: CPI is Expected to Slightly Increase in April

April 30, 2025 4:47 PM UTC

Bottom line: After easing to 38.1% annually in March, we expect consumer price index (CPI) will slightly surge to 38.2%-38.3% YoY in April. Despite tight monetary policy and moderately falling demand helped relieving the price pressure in Q1, April inflation will likely stand at higher-than-expect

China South China Sea Tensions

April 30, 2025 10:30 AM UTC

We see recent China activity as part of the normal grey warfare for long-term influence in the South China sea.  It has involved the use of China coastguard and militia fishing boats rather than China PLA Navy, though the risk of escalation between the Philippines and China remains. China likely wa

The Hope for A Peace Deal in Ukraine Seems No Close

April 28, 2025 12:55 PM UTC

Bottom Line: We have lowered a Russia-friendly peace deal following a cease-fire to 50% probability but have increased the alternative scenario of war continues to 50% probability in Ukraine as negotiations to end the war in Ukraine continue slowly. In the former scenario, we envisage Russia will co

From Tariffs to Technology: JD Vance’s Four-Day Engagement in India

April 28, 2025 6:24 AM UTC

US Vice President JD Vance’s visit to India marked a shift toward a more pragmatic and parity-driven partnership. While reinforcing trade, defence, and energy cooperation, the trip also highlighted the difficult negotiations ahead. 

U.S/China Trade Standoff: Odds Remain Towards Truce

April 25, 2025 7:09 AM UTC

  On balance, our baseline still remains a U.S./China trade deal (55-60%) being reached, given Trump deal instincts; China desire for a deal and the economic disadvantage of an economic cold war to the U.S. when it is trying to reset trade with all countries.  Timeline is Q4 2025 or H1 2026. An al

India Redraws Its Red Lines with Pakistan

April 24, 2025 10:24 AM UTC

In one of the deadliest attacks in Kashmir in years, 26 Hindu tourists were killed by Pakistan-backed militants in Pahalgam. India has responded by suspending the Indus Waters Treaty, expelling Pakistani nationals, and downgrading diplomatic ties — signalling a hard shift in its Pakistan policy. T

USD Rebalancing: Some to EM?

April 24, 2025 8:30 AM UTC

Some portfolios rotations towards EM assets will likely be evident, as we see the USD decline is now extending and broadening.  However, flows will likely be selective, both given underwhelming EM performance in the last 5-10 years and the uncertainty over how much Trump will reduce reciprocal tari

Brazil: Fiscal Result Improves but Structural Changes Remains in Doubt

April 23, 2025 5:57 PM UTC

Brazil’s fiscal data shows slight improvement, with a 0.1% primary deficit by February and a 2024 deficit in line with targets, excluding flood aid. The 2025 goal is a 0% deficit, but structural issues remain. Recent gains stem from reduced court-ordered payments and delayed hiring. However, risin

South Africa’s Inflation Softened to a Five-Year Low with 2.7% YoY in March

April 23, 2025 1:50 PM UTC

Bottom Line: StatsSA announced on April 23 that annual South Africa’s inflation softened to a five-year low with 2.7% YoY in March, due to a drop in fuel, education and housing costs. Taking into account that the inflation rate is now below the lower band of South African Reserve Bank's (SARB) tar

Trump Under Pressure

April 23, 2025 7:15 AM UTC

A deteriorating economic; volatile financial markets and weakening approval ratings are all putting pressure on the Trump administration to do trade deals.  However, Trump instincts means he still likes tariffs, while negotiations will not be quick with China restraints and non-tariffs list desired

Foreign Official U.S. Treasury Holders: The Kindness of Strangers

April 22, 2025 7:30 AM UTC

Official holdings of U.S. Treasuries show a mixed picture with China, Brazil and Saudi Arabia well off peak holdings. Two drivers of some of these country flows are the peak in global central bank FX reserve holdings in 2021 and an increased holdings of other currencies in the last decade.  Neverth

India's Industrial Chill: 2.9 % Growth Signals Cooling Engines

April 17, 2025 1:05 PM UTC

India’s factory growth hit the brakes in February, with industrial production rising just 2.9 %, half January’s pace and the slowest since August 2024. Manufacturing and mining lost traction, while a small pickup in electricity output provided limited relief. Stalling consumer‑goods output an

Surprising Move: CBRT Increased the Key Rate to 46%

April 17, 2025 12:32 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Central Bank of Turkiye (CBRT) surprisingly hiked the policy rate from 42.5% to 46% during the MPC on April 17 after three consecutive interest rate cuts, mainly due to global uncertainties and domestic inflationary risks. CBRT highlighted in its written statement that the possibility o

China GDP: Good Q1 Start, but 2025 Could Be 4.2% or 3.3%

April 16, 2025 8:24 AM UTC

•    The March data releases from China alongside the Q1 GDP figures show a good start for 2025.  However, underlying domestic demand is soft and Q2 will see a big hit from the U.S. tariffs already introduced.  Our baseline (here) remains for a truce in the coming weeks and a scale back of 1

SARB's Monetary Policy Review Highlights Concerns over the Horizon

April 15, 2025 7:29 PM UTC

Bottom line: According to the Monetary Policy Review Report by the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) on April 15, uncertainties about the global economy, trade tensions and blurry domestic outlook have caused the scope for monetary policy easing had narrowed. In its biannual review of its monetary p

Nervous U.S. Long Term Asset Holders

April 15, 2025 8:30 AM UTC

   Overall, foreign equity investors can no longer count on U.S. exceptionalism and could face lower long-term corporate earnings growth, which at a minimum will likely slow net inflows.  Bond investors also face ongoing policy volatility, which likely means a need for an extra risk premium – t

U.S./China High Stakes Poker

April 14, 2025 7:30 AM UTC

The economic hit from a hard stop in U.S. imports/exports is too damaging for both sides and our baseline is still for a truce and de-escalation, in the coming weeks. This could be negotiations on a new trade deal with a more moderate reciprocal tariff on both sides and the extra reciprocal tariffs

Soaring Inflation Hits Two-Year High in March with 10.3% YoY

April 12, 2025 10:16 AM UTC

Bottom Line: According to Russian Federal Statistics Service (Rosstat) data, inflation ticked up to 10.3% YoY in March after hitting 10.1% in February, remaining well above the Central Bank of Russia’s (CBR) midterm target of 4%, due to surges in services and food prices, huge military spending,

Brazil CPI Review: March Acceleration, Hike Confirmation

April 11, 2025 2:21 PM UTC

March CPI in Brazil rose 0.6%, above expectations, pushing the annual rate to 5.5%. Broad-based price increases, especially in food, signal persistent inflation pressures. Core inflation, notably in services, is well above the BCB’s target, and external volatility adds risk. With activity and cred

Strong Consumption Continues to Drive Turkiye's GDP Growth

April 11, 2025 11:14 AM UTC

Bottom Line: Turkish economy expanded by 3.2% YoY in 2024 backed by strong private consumption and robust investments, despite the weight of high interest rates. After Q2 2023, Q4 2024 marked the highest quarterly reading with 1.7% QoQ surge, which stemmed from turnaround in private consumption that

Trade Deals with the U.S.: Pressures and Obstacles

April 10, 2025 7:17 AM UTC

Pressures to do trade deals include the weaker U.S. economy and higher inflation when it arrives/foreigners becoming nervous of their USD30trn plus holdings of U.S. securities and more crucially risks to Trump and GOP approval ratings from Republican voters. Obstacles to quick trade deals include Tr

U.S China Trade War: Deal or No Deal Prospects?

April 9, 2025 9:00 AM UTC

The prospect of a trade deal between the U.S. and China are less and likely delayed into 2026, due to the hardline stance of Trump 2.0 due to the extra focus on tariff tax revenue and shifting production back to the U.S. It is still our baseline that a deal will be agreed though we would now see a d

Brazil: Credit Accelerating Despite Higher Rates

April 8, 2025 6:44 PM UTC

The Brazilian Central Bank (BCB) has resumed raising the policy rate due to persistent inflation concerns, despite expectations of credit deceleration. In contrast, credit has accelerated in recent months, indicating that the credit channel through monetary policy may be compromised, increasing disi

Reciprocal Tariffs: The Hit To Other Countries

April 8, 2025 9:30 AM UTC

 Overall, we are still assessing the effects on non U.S. countries from the tariffs being imposed by the U.S. via direct trade/business investment/currency and financial & monetary conditions swings.  The impact will be adverse to GDP, but for some major countries could be less than the U.S.  How

EMEA Economies Will Be Tested Amid U.S. Tariff Heat

April 7, 2025 5:29 PM UTC

Bottom Line: The impacts of U.S. additional tariffs announced on April 2 could likely have multifaceted impacts over EMEA countries. Relatively-low 10% tariffs could open new doors for Turkiye to capture a higher global market share if it can act quickly on trade diversification. We foresee the coun

U.S. Equities: Hoping for Tariff Negotiations but Fearing Q2 Data

April 7, 2025 9:08 AM UTC

•    The U.S. equity market still remains under pressure from the announcement effect of large reciprocal tariffs, though hopes of trade deals could start to soon produce a stabilization of the market later this week.  Multi month the U.S. equity market outlook depends on whether a recession

Duty Bound: India’s Growth Test Amid US Tariff Heat

April 7, 2025 6:59 AM UTC

The new 26% US tariff on Indian imports poses near-term challenges for India’s export sectors and small businesses, potentially shaving up to 0.5% off GDP growth. But it also opens doors for India to capture global market share as rivals like China and Vietnam face even steeper duties. With sector

Russia GDP Growth Loses Steam in the First Two Months of 2025

April 4, 2025 9:14 AM UTC

Bottom Line: According to the figures announced by the Ministry of Economic Development on April 3, Russia's GDP expanded by 0.8% YoY in February following a 3% YoY increase in January driven by military spending, higher wages and fiscal stimulus. The softening of growth figures demonstrates monet

Turkiye’s Inflation Slightly Decreased in March

April 3, 2025 6:48 PM UTC

Bottom line: Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) announced on April 3 that the inflation softened to 38.1% y/y in March from 39.1% y/y in February. We think favourable base effect, lagged impacts of previous tightening, relative Turkish lira (TRY) stability until March 20 and suppressed wages cont

Tariffs: Inflation may be the biggest worry for the U.S.

April 3, 2025 4:12 PM UTC

While surprising the market in their intensity, Trump’s “reciprocal” tariffs were in line with previous threats on most countries, and with Canada and Mexico being treated less harshly that feared, the net surprise is modest to us. However we do feel that inflationary risks have increased furt

Taiwan: Grey Warfare or More?

April 2, 2025 7:05 AM UTC

   China grey warfare against Taiwan will continue, but we would only see a 5% probability of China invading Taiwan in 2025 and 2026.  The U.S. is pivoting towards Asia and China, while President Trump is not China friendly. A war with the U.S. over Taiwan would be very costly in military and eco

The Hope for A Peace Deal in Ukraine is Tested

April 1, 2025 9:55 AM UTC

Bottom Line: As negotiations to end the war in Ukraine continue, we foresee a Russia-friendly peace deal (70% probability) in Ukraine could be sealed in 9-12 months following a cease-fire under current circumstances. In this scenario, we envisage Russia will continue to annex areas in and around fo

U.S. Trade Surplus Countries: No Special Treatment?

March 31, 2025 9:04 AM UTC

Quick dilutions of tariffs or exemption will likely be slow in coming for countries that the U.S. has trade surpluses with, as the Trump administration are currently more focused on tariffs for tax revenue and trying to switch production back to the U.S. than trade deals.  Trade policy uncertainty

Banxico Review: Lowering Rates Amid Tariffs

March 29, 2025 9:29 PM UTC

Mexico’s Central Bank (Banxico) has cut the policy rate by 50 bps to 9%, in line with market expectations. The tone of the communiqué suggests a more dovish stance, with the board moving towards a neutral rate. Inflation has reached its lowest level since 2021, while economic growth has slowed. B

Turkish Economy Remains under Pressure after Mayor of Istanbul Arrest

March 28, 2025 11:06 AM UTC

Bottom Line: After mayor of Istanbul, Ekrem Imamoglu, arrested on March 23 due to fraud allegations, nationwide protests continue in Turkiye and Turkish economy remains under pressure despite a recent recovery after Treasury and Finance Minister Simsek vowed to restore stability, and Central Bank of

March Outlook: Navigating the Turbulence

March 27, 2025 10:30 AM UTC

All chapters of the March Outlook are now available and simply click the link below.