Iran War: Invasion Risks

March 31, 2026 10:55 AM UTC

·       Any ground-based invasion would likely result in a long war and Iran would likely counter with attacks on energy or other key facilities around the Gulf.  Sea and air based invasions are also difficult, while any victory would likely be followed by occupation.  WTI oil prices would

Markets: Short vs Long Iran War

March 30, 2026 8:00 AM UTC

·       For a 4-8 week war and 3-4 quarters of energy price normalisation, we see a 10% U.S. equity market correction in H1 2026 driven by the current Iran war and/or consumption slowing due to lower (real) wage growth, alongside still stretched valuations in equity and equity-bond terms.  T

Mexico: March 25bps Cut, Then September?

March 27, 2026 8:01 AM UTC

Banxico decided to cut the policy rate by 25bps from 6.75% due to concerns over the economy, which could be hurt additionally by the Iran war.  However, Banxico inflation forecasts are yet to reflect the shift in oil prices and the prospect of further upward revisions argue against a May or June cu

Outlook Forecasts to download in Excel

March 26, 2026 12:10 PM UTC

Below is an Excel file that contains our headline forecasts for GDP, Inflation, Monetary Policy, and Exchange Rates.

March Outlook: Iran War and AI Challenges

March 26, 2026 7:17 AM UTC

Our March Outlook is now published and please see all our economic and policy chapters below.  

Asia/Pacific (ex-China/Japan) Outlook: The Iran War Shock

March 26, 2026 7:10 AM UTC

·       The Iran war macro impact on Asia depends on length of the conflict and impact on energy flows. Our baseline is for a 4-8 week Iran war, with WTI down to USD80-85 by June; USD65-70 end 2026 and USD60 by Q3 2027 (here).  
·       India GDP growth has been revised down slightly

EM FX Outlook: Weathering the Storm

March 25, 2026 8:45 AM UTC

·       EM currencies have seen a correction against the USD since the risk off prompted by the Iran war, but our baseline remains for a 4-8 week war (here) followed by energy prices only returning to pre-war levels by 2027 -- with WTI down to USD80-85 by June; USD65-70 end 2026 and USD60 by

EMEA Outlook: Adverse Global Developments and Domestic Uncertainties Dominate

March 25, 2026 7:00 AM UTC

·     In South Africa, we foresee average headline inflation will stand at 3.8% and 3.5% in 2026 and 2027, respectively based on our baseline of a 4-8-week war in Iran and energy prices easing from Q2. Upside risks to inflation remain such as 2nd round effects of oil price hikes, utility costs,

Commodities Outlook: The War in Action

March 24, 2026 2:30 PM UTC

Oil markets in 2026 have been extremely volatile due to the conflict in Iran and disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz. Under our baseline scenario of a 4-8 week war (here), we project WTI to average between USD 65 and 70 by year-end. In an alternative scenario of a prolonged multi-month conflict, pri

China Outlook: Cyclical and Structural Headwinds

March 24, 2026 7:30 AM UTC

·       Our baseline scenario of a 4-8 week war (here) is not a problem, aside from higher prices.  We have pushed up our 2026 CPI forecast to 1.4% from 0.5% (higher food prices are also an issue), but as oil/gas prices come down, this suggests very subdued 2027 inflation, which we have cut

Outlook Overview: Iran War and AI Challenges

March 23, 2026 4:39 PM UTC

·       The Iran war macro impact depends on length of the conflict and impact on energy flows. Our baseline is for a 4-8 week Iran war, with WTI down to USD80-85 by June; USD65-70 end December and USD60 by Q3 2027 (here).  The jump in oil and gas prices mean at least a temporary increase in

Iran War Scenarios Updated

March 23, 2026 3:04 PM UTC

·       Our central scenario remains a 4-8 week war in Iran. Trump’s loathing of long wars and high gasoline prices will likely prompts the U.S. to declare victory.  A formal ceasefire is unlikely, but the end of hostilities could see an informal understanding of the Straits of Hormuz for

South Africa Inflation Eased to 3.0% y/y in February; but Rate Cut is Unlikely on March 26 Due to Adverse Global Developments

March 19, 2026 3:11 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) announced that annual inflation edged down to 3.0% y/y in February, the lowest since June 2025, driven by slowdown in prices of transportation and food and non-alcoholic beverages (NAB). The inflation stayed within the South African Reserve Bank’s (

China: Modest Bounce at Start of 2026, But

March 16, 2026 8:49 AM UTC

·       Though the January-February data was better than expected, we expect high oil prices and an adverse effect from the Iran war to hurt China’s export growth.  We still feel that the economy remains too dependent on high tech manufacturing and modest consumption will act as a drag on

Trump Visit To China: Trade/Taiwan and Iran

March 12, 2026 11:37 AM UTC

•    The main success of Trump’s visit will be on trade, where an extension of October trade truce is likely.  China wants to avoid section 301 tariffs that could increase the current effective tariff of 25% and the U.S. will turn the whole visit into a PR victory for Trump to deflect from

Iran War Scenarios

March 11, 2026 9:45 AM UTC

·        Our central scenario (75%) remains a multi-week war in Iran. Trump loathing of long wars and high gasoline prices prompts U.S. to declare victory before end of March.  Israel and Iran would most likely agree an effective ceasefire.  The ceasefire would be fragile, however, as it w

South African Economy Grew by 1.1% in 2025 Supported by Stronger Agriculture, Trade and Finance Activities

March 10, 2026 4:35 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) released the Q4 2025 and full-year GDP growth figures on March 10. Following a revised 0.3% q/q expansion in Q3, the economy grew by 0.4% q/q (0.8% y/y) in Q4. For the full year, the economy expanded by 1.1%—its fastest pace in three years—supporte

Asia Country Risk Ratings

March 10, 2026 11:00 AM UTC

We provide country risk reviews for Asia countries including China, India, Indonesia, Taiwan and Phillipines.  

Trump’s Fiscal Dominance

March 10, 2026 10:35 AM UTC

·       Voting will be done by 12 FOMC members and while Kevin Warsh could mellow some centrists, 5 district Fed presidents and Barr/Jefferson are at the Fed until at least 2031. Warsh may merely bring interest rate cuts sooner from June or potentially engineer a small dip below the 3% neutra

EM Europe and CIS: Select Country Risk Ratings

March 9, 2026 11:00 AM UTC

We provide country risk reviews for EM Europe/CIS countries including Russia and Ukraine. 

Gulf Countries U.S. Investment Deals Risks

March 9, 2026 8:05 AM UTC

·       Lower budget revenue and a multi-year hit to tourism and the Gulf role as air transit hubs, could see delays and reduction in some parts of the Gulf states USD3.4 trillion deals with the Trump administration. The economic effects on the U.S. would likely be small and the geopolitics b

China: 4.5-5.0% GDP Growth for 2026

March 5, 2026 9:16 AM UTC

•    China announced a central government budget deficit at 4% of GDP, which is the same as last year and points to only modest fiscal stimulus.  Though investment was supported, consumption trade in programs were cut from Y300bln to Yuan250 and no new structural safety net for households hav

Country Risk in MENA

March 4, 2026 11:00 AM UTC

Country risk in Middle East and North Africa countries including Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran and Qatar.

Markets and the Iran War

March 4, 2026 9:50 AM UTC

•    The Trump administration’s objective appears to be pivoting from regime change to hurting Iran ballistic missile capabilities, which argues for a 2-4 week war rather than a prolonged war.  However, the most intense missile battles will likely occur in the next one week and markets are

Inflation Edged Up to 31.5% y/y in February as Monthly Pressures Persist

March 3, 2026 11:56 AM UTC

Bottom line: Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) announced February inflation figures on March 3.  After hitting 30.7% annually in January, Turkiye’s inflation surged to 31.5% in February due to rising food, transportation and housing prices. Our average inflation forecast for 2026 stands at 2

China: Yuan Appreciation; U.S. 301 Threat and 4.5-5.0% GDP Growth for 2026?

March 3, 2026 6:35 AM UTC

•    The Yuan has continued to appreciate with no resistance from China authorities. Part of this is a willingness to allow a modest Yuan appreciation in the face of the huge China trade surplus and pressure from U.S./Europe/IMF and others over an undervalued Yuan, but appreciation is also des

Turkish Economy Grew by 3.6% y/y in 2025

March 2, 2026 9:16 PM UTC

Bottom Line: The Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) announced Q4 2025 and full-year GDP growth for 2025 on March 2. Turkish economy expanded by 3.6% y/y in 2025 (3.4% y/y in Q4), underpinned by domestic demand while the main drag came from net trade as annual exports of goods and services declined

Iran: What Length For War?

March 2, 2026 7:44 AM UTC

·       If the war is short (ie 1-2 weeks) and leads to a ceasefire then the global economic impact will be small, with the greatest impact in the middle east of oil/gas supplies on a temporary basis and tourism.  If the war is more prolonged (ie months)  then oil/gas supplies could be sque

Low Inflation and No Loadshedding Continue to Support South African GDP Growth

February 26, 2026 3:19 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Department of Statistics of South Africa (Stats SA) will announce Q4 2025 GDP growth figures on March 3. Following a 0.5% q/q expansion in Q3 2025, we expect growth momentum to be sustained in Q4. This trajectory is supported by low inflation, improved consumer sentiment, a power cuts (

China: Housing Not Bottomed Yet

February 25, 2026 10:55 AM UTC

•    We do not feel that China residential property market has bottomed, as it faces two cyclical and two structural headwinds.  Cyclically outstanding inventory of complete houses remains high, while households are also suffering from low income and employment growth.  Structurally populati

Turkiye Inflation Preview: Inflation will Likely Soften to Around 30% in February

February 25, 2026 7:00 AM UTC

Bottom line: After hitting 30.7% annually in January, we expect Turkiye’s inflation will likely soften moderately to around 30% in February as upside-tilted inflation risks and high inflation expectations will continue to limit the downward trend coupled with rising food prices due to the Ramada

Iran: Limited U.S. Attack?

February 24, 2026 10:00 AM UTC

 ·       Iran authorities appear reluctant to meet the Trump administration’s demand to stop nuclear fuel production for potential weapons.  This increases the odds of a limited attack by the U.S. on Iran to 30-40% (Figure 1), which could occur as soon as this weekend.  The most likely I

Reciprocal Tariffs: Supreme Court Strike Down

February 20, 2026 4:31 PM UTC

·        The 6-3 vote by the Supreme court and full ruling against reciprocal tariffs means that the Trump administration will likely resort to other tariffs for negotiating leverage.  However, the Trump administration will also pressure to codify existing trade framework deals that have be

Turkish Economy Will Likely Grow by Around 3.8% in 2025

February 18, 2026 3:13 PM UTC

Bottom Line: The Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) is scheduled to announce Q4 2024 and full-year GDP growth on March 2. We expect the Turkish economy expanded by approximately 3.8% y/y in 2025, underpinned by resilient household consumption, investment, and ongoing construction projects. Domesti

South Africa Inflation Moderately Eased to 3.5% y/y in January

February 18, 2026 1:41 PM UTC

Bottom Line: Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) announced on February 18 that annual inflation slightly edged down moderately to 3.5% y/y in January, driven by higher housing and utilities, food and non-alcoholic beverages, and insurance and financial services. Annual core inflation came in at 3.4%

Taiwan: Trade Deal with U.S. and China Grey Warfare

February 18, 2026 11:55 AM UTC

·        The most likely option for China is to continue the air and naval grey zone warfare around Taiwan, combined with support for pro-China factions in Taiwan’s parliament to build pressure for reunification at some stage before 2049 (the 100th anniversary of the communist party).  Wi

China: Boosting Consumption In March?

February 17, 2026 2:05 PM UTC

·       China’s consumption medium term could be boosted by higher structural safety nets (social spending/health/pensions) and revisions to the Hukou system (shifting 200mln urban workers from lower rural to higher urban benefits). However, March NPC will likely see only further small to m

From Trade War to Trade Truce: Washington and Delhi Recalibrate

February 16, 2026 7:50 AM UTC

The US–India interim trade pact lowers tariffs after a bruising 2025 dispute, offering relief to Indian exporters while committing New Delhi to expanded market access for American goods. Washington is presenting the deal, including India’s stated intent to import up to USD 500bn in US energy and

India’s CPI Overhaul: Smoother Prints, Deeper Scrutiny

February 16, 2026 6:37 AM UTC

India’s January 2026 CPI rose to 2.75% yr/yr, marking the launch of a rebased 2024=100 index that better reflects modern consumption patterns. Food’s reduced weight is likely to dampen headline volatility, while services, housing and discretionary spending will exert greater influence going forw

VAT Hike, Stubborn Food and Services Prices Pushed Russia’s Inflation to 6.0% y/y in January

February 13, 2026 5:08 PM UTC

Bottom Line: After easing to 5.6% y/y in December, Russia’s inflation edged up to 6.0% y/y in January due to VAT hike and stubborn food and services prices, the State Statistics Service (Rosstat) said. Despite Central Bank of Russia (CBR) announced that the inflation forecast for 2026 has been

Cuba: Pressure Grows

February 12, 2026 8:05 AM UTC

·       The Donroe doctrine has pressured Mexico into halting oil exports to Cuba, which is intensifying pressure on Cuba’s regime.  While chaos and attempted mass immigration is a risk, the baseline is for a negotiated deal as U.S./Cuba discussions deepen – though with the added complex

India’s Union FY27 Budget: A Pragmatic Blueprint That Prioritises Stability over Stimulus

February 9, 2026 7:47 AM UTC

India’s 2026–27 Union Budget opts for prudence over populism, targeting a fiscal deficit of 4.3% of GDP and boosting capital expenditure by 11.5%. The government shifts focus to services-led job creation, defence modernisation, and water infrastructure while trimming subsidies, while tax tweaks

Russian Economy Grew by 1% in 2025

February 6, 2026 6:25 PM UTC

Bottom Line: According to official announcement, Russian economy grew by 1.0% in 2025. President Putin said this slowdown was expected and intentional as part of measures aimed at curbing inflation. We think Central Bank of Russia’s (CBR) previous aggressive monetary tightening coupled with sancti

RBI Holds Rates Steady as Growth Proves Durable

February 6, 2026 10:52 AM UTC

The Reserve Bank of India has opted for composure holding rates at 5.25% as it weighs past easing, a benign inflation profile, and the rupee’s fragility in volatile global conditions. This is a pause with options, not a pivot. 

Mexico: March Pause Rather Than Cut?

February 6, 2026 7:52 AM UTC

Banxico paused as expected, but revised the peak in inflation to 4% from 3.7% and pushed back the forecast of when inflation is expected to hit the target. Though the economy is still expected to be below trend in 2026, the inflation/growth tradeoff is causing Banxico members to debate whether furth

U.S. Inflows: Portfolio Dominates

February 4, 2026 12:05 PM UTC

·        Portfolio flows have dominated U.S. C/A financing looking at the breakdown of the balance of payment data (BOP), with no material slowdown in 2025 from foreign investors. U.S. investors did accelerate buying of overseas equities but this was counterbalanced by slower U.S. buying of

Turkiye Inflation Review: Inflation Softened to 30.7% in January

February 3, 2026 11:12 AM UTC

Bottom line:  Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) announced January inflation on February 3. Turkiye’s annual inflation edged down moderately to 30.5% in January while food, housing and education prices drove the surge. Our average inflation forecast stand at 26.5% for 2026 since inflation expec

Europe Nuclear Weapons; NATO and Greenland

February 3, 2026 11:05 AM UTC

·        Without the U.S. nuclear weapon umbrella, Europe’s nuclear deterrent is too weak. Secondly, European countries are highly reliant on U.S. missile defense, command, intelligence and reconnaissance, which military experts estimate could take 10 years to replace. Major European count

India MPC Preview: Inflation Low, Rupee Lower: Why RBI May Keep Rates on Ice

February 3, 2026 6:36 AM UTC

The RBI is expected to hold rates at 5.25%, resisting pressure for further easing. With inflation near historic lows but the rupee under strain and private investment still muted, policy will focus on anchoring stability, managing liquidity, and allowing past cuts to percolate. Further accommodation